Mathematics 8th grade

Learning Objectives

The 8th grade Mathematics course aims to deepen algebraic thinking, broaden the understanding of functions, develop geometric reasoning with a focus on metric and spatial relationships, and consolidate the use of percentages, proportionality, statistics and probability in varied contexts.

The student will be led to model real situations, formulate and solve problems, interpret graphs and tables, use algebraic language in a functional way and argue mathematically, in line with the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and with the external evaluation matrices.

BNCC Thematic Units, Contents and Skills

Numbers

• Numerical Sets: Rational and Irrational (Introduction) (EF08MA01)
• Representation of Real Numbers on Number Line (EF08MA02)
• Operations with real numbers in problem situations (EF08MA03)
• Potentiation and radiciation with integer exponents (EF08MA04)
• Scientific notation and order of magnitude (EF08MA05)

Algebra

• Algebraic expressions: notable products and factorization (EF08MA06)
• Equations of the 1st degree and systems of equations of the 1st degree (EF08MA07)
• Solving problems involving systems of equations (EF08MA08)
• Affine function: concept, algebraic and graphical representation (EF08MA09)
• Graphing Analysis of Functions in Real Contexts (EF08MA10)

Geometry

• Angles, Polygons, and Metric Relationships in the Plane (EF08MA11)
• Triangles: similarity and applications (EF08MA12)
• Thales’ Theorem in Practical Situations (EF08MA13)
• Pythagorean theorem and applications (EF08MA14)
• Circumference and Circle: Calculation of Length and Area (EF08MA15)

Quantities and Measurements

• Ratios, proportions and scales in different contexts (EF08MA16)
• Successive percentages and additions/discounts (EF08MA17)
• Units of measurement and conversions (EF08MA18)
• Solving problems involving directly proportional quantities (EF08MA19)

Probability and Statistics

• Collection, organization and interpretation of statistical data (EF08MA20)
• Graphs and tables: critical reading and comparative analysis (EF08MA21)
• Measures of central tendency and dispersion (EF08MA22)
• Probability of events in random experiments (EF08MA23)

Alignment with External Evaluations (SAEB)

The contents and skills developed in this course are aligned with the SAEB Reference Matrices for the Final Years of Elementary School, especially in the axes of Numbers and Operations, Algebra, Geometry, Quantities and Measures and Information Treatment, contributing to the consolidation of essential learning and to the progression towards the 9th grade and external assessments.

Final preparation for SAEB – 9th grade

This course is aligned with the BNCC and develops structuring mathematical skills that progressively prepare the student for the competencies evaluated by SAEB in the subsequent stages of Elementary School.